Robotics

Robotics, in various forms, have been in the minds of humans since we were able to build Things.

You can see machines made by artisans trying to mimic human movements and behavior. Examples include the statues of Venice's San Marcos Clock Tower Hit the clock by the hour and the figures tell a story of the fifteenth century astronomical clock toward the Old Town Hall Tower in Prague. Sophisticated machines with repetitive movements from toys, simple types are other examples. In Hollywood, movies also portray robots and humanoids superior to humans. 

Humanoids are in principle robots and are designed and operated by the same basic concepts. The elements used in robots and robotics are actuators, sensors, vision systems and so on. Robot Rovers are no different usually has low degrees of freedom and usually moves in flight. Exoskeleton and Humanoid robots, walking machines and robots that mimic animals and insects may have several degrees of freedom (DOF) and special capabilities. However, the same The principles we learn about manipulators also apply to robot rovers, whether kinematics differential motions, dynamics or control.

Robots are very powerful elements in today's industry. They are capable of demonstrating many different tasks and activities are accurate and do not require general security and comfort elements needed by humans. However, this requires a lot of effort and many resources for the robot to function properly. Most companies made robots in the mid-1980s with only a few exceptions, there are only companies that make real industrial robots remained in the market (Adept, Staubli, Fanuc, Cuca, Epson, Motoman, Denso, Specialized robotic companies such as Fuji, and IS robotics, as well as Mako Surgical Corporation). Early entrepreneur predictions about the number of robots in the industry has never materialized because high expectations cannot be met current robots, as a result, have many thousands of robots in the industry working tirelessly and satisfactorily for the intended jobs, the robots are not overwhelmed in place of workers. They are used wherever they are useful. Like humans, robots can do Some things, but not others. They are designed correctly for the Intended  purposes, they are very useful and to be used. The subject of robotics has many different areas. Robots are never alone useful. These can be used in conjunction with other devices, peripherals and other manufacturers Machines. They are usually integrated into one system, which is designed as a whole do a thing or do an operation.

What is a robot?

If you combine a traditional robot manipulator with a crane, say, utility or you will notice that the towing vehicle is similar to the robot manipulator crane. Both have several links that are regularly attached to each other with joints, where each joint is moved by some kind of actuator. In both systems, the "hand" of the manipulator can be moved into space and placed in the desired workspace of the system. Each it can carry a certain load and is controlled by a central controller. However, one is called a robot and one is called a manipulator (or, in this case, a Crane). Similarly, material handling manipulators that move heavy objects in manufacturing plants look like robots, but they are not robots. The fundamental difference between both, the crane and the manipulator are controlled by a man and controls the actuators, while the robot manipulator is controlled by a running computer program. This difference between the two determines whether or not a device is simple manipulator or robot.

Generally, robots are designed and controlled Through a computer or similar device. The movements of the robot are controlled by a Computer supervised controller, which runs some kind of program. Therefore, if the program is changed, the robot's actions change accordingly. The idea is to have a device that can do many different things.  Therefore, the robot is designed much can be done based on the running program (s) by changing Program. This cannot be done without a simple manipulator (or crane) operator running all the time. 

Different countries have different standards for what is considered a robot. In the American standards require that the device, which is considered a robot, be easily reproduced. Therefore, manual handling equipment (devices with multiple degrees of freedom and Equipment operated by the operator) or fixed-range robots (devices controlled by hard stops) It is difficult to change the control actuator movements in a fixed sequence) are not considered robots.

AUTHOR:

VIKAS NANDAL

(Assistant Professor Mechanical Department Geeta Engineering College Panipat)