Carbon dioxide the prime greenhouse gas which is a major issue in the
world. Carbon Sequestration is long-term storage of carbon dioxide or other
forms of carbon from atmosphere or source point or anthropogenic (man-made)
source such as power plants, refineries, cement processing, natural gas
processing plant through biological, chemical and physical processes.
Carbon Capture & Storage (CCS) has potential to take a stand for curbing the emission by
consuming minimal resources.
The process of Carbon Sequestration involves following steps:
1. CO2 is captured from its source point
2. CO2 is compressed and liquefied
3.
It is transported through railways, waterways or pipeline for release in:
a)
Area of degraded forest or where
deforestation has been done, CO2 is fixed
by forest or land plants called as Green Carbon which increases the
productivity and the process is called
as Terrestrial Carbon Sequestration.
b)
If captured CO2 is injecting in ocean in its photic zone
and is fixed by aquatic plants or
hydrophytes or algae, it is called
as Blue Carbon.
c)
If captured CO2 is injected in rocks such as sandstone
dolomite (Red Fort is made up of sand stone dolomite) or rocks
containing fossil fuels such as coal, petroleum, and this process is called as Geological Carbon Sequestration
and this method increases carbon content in them, thereby increases the quality
of fossil fuels.
Flowchart of Carbon Sequestration
India has been taking approach towards this technology. Due to low
understanding of public and lack of technical parameters for storage, and
majorly due to the economic feasibility, the government is taking low interest
in demonstration of the technology. On the other hand, because of the people’s reaction for storing CO2 in underground and the findings of geological
capacity of India this is very limited. The International Energy Agency predicts
that in terms of CO2 emission, India will be among top list of World by the
year 2023.
In the year 2007-2008, India has given special attention to capture carbon for research and development by Department of Science and Technology but after 2013 only few researches are still taking on and a point to be noted is that India doesn’t have specific policy for this new technology that’s why India lacks in this to take it further.
Author:
Padma
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