GEC WRITHLON IS THE OFFICIAL BLOG OF GEETA ENGINEERING COLLEGE. BY THIS BLOG, WE ARE PROVIDING KNOWLEDGE REGARDING THE LATEST TECH RELATED NEWS, MODERN ENGINEERING INVENTIONS, SCIENTIFIC GADGETS, AND SCIENTIFIC THEORIES

GEC WRITHLON IS THE OFFICIAL BLOG OF GEETA ENGINEERING COLLEGE. BY THIS BLOG, WE ARE PROVIDING KNOWLEDGE REGARDING THE LATEST TECH RELATED NEWS, MODERN ENGINEERING INVENTIONS, SCIENTIFIC GADGETS, AND SCIENTIFIC THEORIES.

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Showing posts with label ELECTRONICS. Show all posts
Showing posts with label ELECTRONICS. Show all posts

Saturday 21 March 2020

Saturday, March 21, 2020

FLY ASH BRICK


Fly ash brick are those bricks in which we used fly ash,lime or cement as raw material,by adding moderate gypsum and aggregates,after the mixture get prepared then we pressed in moulding, then through high temperature or normal pressure curing or natural curing methods.


Fly ash are divided into two categories,first one is autoclave fly ash brick and the second one is steam cured fly ash brick.In autoclaved fly ash bricks,they are cured at high temperature and pressure saturated vapors in autoclave. But in Steam cured fly ash bricks are cured in steam but under normal pressure conditions.

These both are similar in raw materials and forming,only different in curing methods,but they have very different final properties.
Autoclaved fly ash bricks are cured in saturated steam in more than 174.5˚C and 0.8Mpa pressure conditions,the inner active ingredients are reacted with each other sufficiently,thus the bricks could own high strength and stable properties.


But the steam cured 
fly ash brick in which the normal pressure condition will cause flaws happened on the walls during the construction.
The autoclaved fly ash brick usually have very high compressive strength, it could reach up to 15-20Mpa,at least reach 10Mpa, it can endures 15times continuous freeze-thaw cycles request.
Otherwise,fly ash is a hydrated material which has potential activity,the hydration reaction could happen again in damp environment during application,thus the inner structure of the bricks could become more and more compact,benefit for the strength improvement again.



FLY ASH BRICKS ADVANTAGES

1.Same number of Fly Ash Bricks will cover more area than clay bricks.
2. Fly Ash Bricks are High Fire Insulation.
3. Due to high strength of Fly Ash Bricks, practically no breakage occurs during transport of Fly Ash Bricks &use.
4.Due to uniform size of Fly Ash Bricks mortar required for joints and plaster requirement will be less up to 50%.
5.Lower water penetration so the seepage of water through bricks is considerably reduced.
6.In Fly Ash Bricks no need to backing coat of lime plaster, Gypsum plaster can be directly applied.
7.These Fly Ash Bricks do not require soaking in water for 24 hours. Sprinkling of water before using is sufficient.

AUTHOR:


JYOTI NARWAL



Saturday, March 21, 2020

5G Technology


5G- Technology is launching in 2020 in Tokyo Olympics. Japan has announced to give live broadcasting of Olympics Games using 5G Technology. Hence trials and testing are going on rapid speed. Countries like China, USA, France, and Germany are testing on 5G.


Now the question in our mind is what is 5G Technology, so 5G Technology in our mobile not only interconnect us but also to the smart machines and devices also, It will give the new level of performance and efficiency, gives the high-speed data rate. The expected speed of 5G is up to 20 Gbps.


Huawei has invested lot of money for the research in 5G Technology and has taken the patent for some of its key technology. Experts are hired from all over the word to work on 5G Technology
Before discussing the 5G technology we have to first understand the limitations or deficiency of 4G Technology, than only we will be able to understand the need of 5G Technology and high-speed data.


The deficiency of 4G Technology is low-speed data, the data speed is about 24 Mbps on our mobile phone over the air interface, but the signal strength and data speed reduced inside the building area, so there is highly need to improve the coverage inside the building areas like bathroom, basement etc.


Qualcomm Snapdragon X50 5G Modem is the first 5G modem, developed by Qualcomm Technologies, to get 5Gbps in downlink data rate. 5G gives download speed, increase in bandwidth, high data rate. The spectrum of 5G has been identified around 6 Ghz, 24 GHz, 40 GHz. The development for it is under process to meet all above given.
             Researches are going on to find out the detail feature of Internet of Things (IOT). We can see smart offices, smart homes, smart cities functioning near future area. Driver less cars are also on testing.




5G frequency spectrum is basically divided into three parts,  millimeter waves, mid band and low band.
Millimeter waves give highest performance for the 5G. Its fastest with speed 1 to 2 Gbps. Frequencies are 24 GHz to 72 GHz which is above extremely high frequency band, But it has a drawback of low coverage area and building penetration is poor.
Mid band spectrum provides low latency rate and faster speed. The carrier wave is using massive MIMO to improve coverage area and penetration to the building to give inner coverage.
Low band spectrum also give good coverage area and also the good penetration


The latency rate (delay between sending and receiving of message) for 5G Technology is very low, In 4G it is 200 milliseconds and for 5G it is below 1 millisecond, It is very fast




The International Telecommunication Union (ITU) is a specialized agency that develops the technical standard for communication technology or for the telecom company it also sets the rules for the usage of radio spectrum.
With the increase in continued use of these gadgets around us will cause harm too, Due to the emission of radiations. We will tried to use cell phones or these devices as less as possible.



AUTHOR:

VIMAL KUMAR